The Perception of Green Facades and its Effects on Public Spaces’ Users
Abstract
This article addresses people’s perceptions and evaluations of green facades in public settings across nineteen evaluation scales. It uses exploratory methods to investigate people’s personal constructs when evaluating green facades and uses statistical models to test two factors – design and plant color – addressing those personal constructs. Through immersive virtual environments, it explores whether people see green facades as an improvement to public spaces. The study measures the effects of different facade designs and plant colors on the perception of the facade itself and the public spaces in which they are placed. The effects of users’ stated predisposition towards green facades and the effects of sex are also tested. A compound evaluation grid structure of nineteen participants is provided. The results presented may aid urban designers in improving green facades’ design and implementation.
References
ALEXANDRI, Eleftheria; JONES, Phil. Temperature decreases in an urban canyon due to green walls and green roofs in diverse climates. Building and Environment, v. 43, n. 4, p. 480–493, 2008.
AVALONE NETO, Olavo; MUNAKATA, Jun; JEONG, Sinwon; YOSHIDA, Yushi. Public space design effect on users’ perceptions, impressions and intended activities. Journal of Environmental Engineering (Japan), v. 82, n. 737, 2017.
AVALONE NETO, Olavo; MUNAKATA, Jun; JEONG, Sinwon; YOSHIDA, Yushi. Evaluating public spaces through immersive virtual environment: real and virtual environments differences. Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan, 173–174, 2016. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/200000371874.
AZKORRA, Z.; PÉREZ, G.; COMA, J.; CABEZA, L.F.; BURES, S.; ÁLVARO, J. E.; ERKOREKA, A.; URRESTARAZU, M.. Evaluation of green walls as a passive acoustic insulation system for buildings. Applied Acoustics, v. 89, p. 46–56, 2015.
BLASCOVICH, Jim; LOOMIS, Jack; BEALL, Andrew C.; SWINTH, Kimberly R.; HOYT, Crystal L.; BAILENSON, Jeremy N. Immersive virtual environment technology as a methodological tool for social psychology. Psychological Inquiry, v. 13, n. 2, p. 103–124, 2002.
COLLINS, Rebecca; SCHAAFSMA, Marije; HUDSON, Malcolm D. The value of green walls to urban biodiversity. Land Use Policy, v. 64, p. 114–123, 2017.
COMA, Julià; PÉREZ, Gabriel; de GRACIA, Alvaro; BURÉS, Silvia; URRESTARAZU, Miguel; CABEZA, Luiza F.Vertical greenery systems for energy savings in buildings: A comparative study between green walls and green facades. Building and Environment, v. 111, p. 228–237, 2017.
DAVIS, M.J.M; TENPIERIK, M. J., RAMÍREZ, F. R., & PÉREZ, M. E. More than just a Green Facade: The sound absorption properties of a vertical garden with and without plants. Building and Environment, v. 116, p. 64–72, 2017.
DES ROSIERS, Francois; THÉRIAULT, Marius; KESTENS, Yan; VILLENEUVE, Paul. Landscaping and House Values: an empirical investigation. Journal of Real Estate Research, v. 23, n. 23, p. 139–162, 2002.
GAO, Xiaolu; ASAMI, Yasushi. Effect of urban landscapes on land prices in two Japanese cities. Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 81, n. 1–2, p. 155–166, 2007.
GROMKE, Christof; JAMARKATTEL, Nabaraj; RUCK, Bodo. Influence of roadside hedgerows on air quality in urban street canyons. Atmospheric Environment, v. 139, p. 75–86, 2016.
HEDBLOM, Marcus; GUNNARSSON, Bengt; IRAVANI, Behzad; KNEZ, Igor; SCHAEFER, Martin; THORSSON, Pontus; Lundström, Johan N. Reduction of physiological stress by urban green space in a multisensory virtual experiment. Scientific Reports, v. 9, n. 1, p. 1–11, 2019.
JAYASOORIYA, V. M.; NG, A. W. M., MUTHUKUMARAN, S., & PERERA, B. J. C. Green infrastructure practices for improvement of urban air quality. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, v. 21, p. 34–47, 2017.
KELLY, George A. The Psychology of Personal Constructs. New York: Norton, 1955.
KROSNICK, J. A, JUDD, C. M., & WITTENBRINK, B. (2005). Attitude measurement. In D. ALBARRACIN, B. T. JOHNSON, & M. P. ZANNA (Eds.), Handbook of attitudes and attitude change. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
LACASTA, A. M.; PENARANDA, A.; CANTALAPIEDRA, I. R.; AUGUET, C.; BURES, S.; URRESTARAZI, M. Acoustic evaluation of modular greenery noise barriers. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, v. 20, p. 172–179, 2016.
LUNAIN, David; ECOTIERE, David; GAUVREAU, Benoît. In-situ evaluation of the acoustic efficiency of a green wall in urban area. Proceedings of the INTER-NOISE 2016 - 45th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering: Towards a Quieter Future, p. 6592–6601, 2016.
MADRE, Frédéric; CLERGEAU, Philippe; MACHON, Nathalie; VERGNES, Alan. Building biodiversity: Vegetated façades as habitats for spider and beetle assemblages. Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 3, p. 222–233, 2015.
MANSO, Maria; CASTRO-GOMES, João. Green wall systems: A review of their characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, v. 41, p. 863–871, 2015.
OTTELÉ, Marc; VAN BOHEMEN, Hein D.; FRAAIJ, Alex L.A. Quantifying the deposition of particulate matter on climber vegetation on living walls. Ecological Engineering, v. 36, n. 2, p. 154–162, 2010.
PECK, Steven W.; CALLAGHAN, Chris; KUHN, Monica E.; BASS, Brad. Greenbacks from green roofs. Toronto: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 1999.
PÉREZ, Gabriel; COMA, Julià; BARRENECHE, Camila; de GRACIA, Alvaro; URRESTARAZU, Miguel. Acoustic insulation capacity of Vertical Greenery Systems for buildings. Applied Acoustics, v. 110, p. 218–226, 2016.
PERINI, Katia; OTTELÉ, Marc; HAAS, E. M.; RAITERI, Rossana. Greening the building envelope, facade greening and living wall systems. Open Journal of Ecology, v. 01, n. 01, p. 1–8, 2011.
PERINI, Katia; ROSASCO, Paolo. Cost-benefit analysis for green façades and living wall systems. Building and Environment, v. 70, p. 110–121, 2013.
PUGH, Thomas A.M.; MACKENZIE, A. Robert; WHYATT, J. Duncan; HEWITT, C. Nicholas. Effectiveness of green infrastructure for improvement of air quality in urban street canyons. Environmental Science and Technology, v. 46, n. 14, p. 7692–7699, 2012.
SANUI, Junichiro. Visualization of users’ requirements: Introduction of the Evaluation Grid Method. Proceedings of the Third Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning Conference, Vol.1, No.1 (1996).
TUDIWER, David; KORJENIC, Azra. The effect of living wall systems on the thermal resistance of the façade. Energy and Buildings, v. 135, p. 10–19, 2017.
VAN RENTERGHEM, Timothy; HORNIKX, Maarten; FORSSEN, Jens; BOTTELDOOREN, Dick. The potential of building envelope greening to achieve quietness. Building and Environment, v. 61, p. 34–44, 2013.
VEISTEN, Knut; SMYRNOVA, Yuliya; KLAEBOE, Ronny; HORNIKX, Maarten; MOSSLEMI, Marjan; KANG, Jian. Valuation of green walls and green roofs as soundscape measures: Including monetized amenity values together with noise-attenuation values in a cost-benefit analysis of a green wall affecting courtyards. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 9, n. 11, p. 3770–3778, 2012.
WHITE, Emma V.; GATERSLEBEN, Birgitta. Greenery on residential buildings: Does it affect preferences and perceptions of beauty? Journal of Environmental Psychology, v. 31, n. 1, p. 89–98, 2011.
YANG, Feng; YUAN, Feng; QIAN, Feng; ZHUANG, Zhi; YAO, Jiawei. Summertime thermal and energy performance of a double-skin green facade: A case study in Shanghai. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 39, n. February, p. 43–51, 2018.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35522/eed.v29i2.1209
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Olavo Avalone Neto, Saori Kihara, N.T.T. Facilities, Jun Munakata
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Revista Estudos em Design, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, ISSN Impresso: 0104-4249, ISSN Eletrônico: 1983-196X
Esta obra está licenciada sob uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional.